Bridging cancer screening disparities, between privileged groups and underserved populations, is an important national research priority and constitutes a larger social justice issue. This study is part of a broader and ongoing research program aimed at increasing participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among Latino subgroups. Despite low screening rates in Hispanic populations, population specific interventions to increase CRC screening are relatively underdeveloped. Purpose: Focus groups were conducted to better understand the range of beliefs and knowledge regarding CRC screening among Hispanic and Caucasian populations. Theoretical Framework and Methods: Using the Health Belief Model to frame the interview guide, focus groups were conducted to elicit beliefs in perceived susceptibility, benefits, barriers, and patient provider communication issues. Hispanic (3) and Caucasian (2) focus groups were recruited from the local community. Spanish and English speaking moderators facilitated the audio recorded group discussions, assisted with content analysis of transcripts, and worked with the research team to identify cultural and linguistic nuances relevant to the translation of the interview guide and the transcripts. Results: Primary barriers to screening among Hispanic women were embarrassment, communication problems with doctors, and fear. Caucasian women reported embarrassment, painful experiences, cost, and no symptoms. Hispanic men thought CRC screening was covered under a physical, felt ‘invaded’, joked about the screening procedure’s impact on ‘machismo’ and were generally fatalistic about cancer. Caucasian men preferred not to find out about a long term illness, had other health problems which took precedence, and disliked the preparation. There was consensus among all the groups that communication with providers was a major deterrent when doctors did not listen, explain tests well, or recommend screening. Conclusions: Despite subtle cultural differences similarities in CRC screening beliefs warrant the adaptation of our existing tailored intervention for Hispanics--provided adjustments are made for cultural and linguistic relevance.
Session #1203 - Health Disparities
The 29th Annual MNRS Research Conference (April 1-4, 2005)